الإلهامُ ومكانَتُهُ الشَّرعيَّةُ في فِكرِ الشَّيخِ الأكبَرِ ابنِ العربي، من خِلالِ الفُتُوحاتِ المكِّيَّة
This paper explores the Sharʿī (legal-religious) standing of ilhām (divine inspiration) in the metaphysical system of Shaykh al-Akbar Muḥyī al-Dīn Ibn ʿArabī. Focusing on his authoritative work al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya, it establishes that Ibn ʿArabī viewed inspiration and unveiling (kashf) as valid epistemological tools for spiritual understanding, not as independent sources of law. The research clarifies the essential difference between waḥy (prophetic revelation) and ilhām, affirming that the latter does not carry legislative force and must never contradict the Qur'an, Sunnah, or the finality of Prophethood (khatm al-nubuwwah). The study directly addresses and refutes the major objections raised by his critics—such as accusations of introducing new legislation or undermining the authority of revelation—by presenting Ibn ʿArabī’s own detailed statements. It concludes that in Ibn ʿArabī’s view, inspiration is a personal, spiritually illuminating experience that assists in understanding divine law, but can never alter or replace it.
Ibn ʿArabī, ilhām, kashf, waḥy, Islamic law, Sufi epistemology, divine inspiration, revelation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Islamic Research Journal { المرصوص }
الشعر الأشعريين بين الحماسة والمدح والإصلاح
This study examines the poetic tradition of the Ash‘ari tribe in the early Islamic period, focusing on three central thematic dimensions: heroism (ḥamāsah), praise (madḥ), and social reform (iṣlāḥ). It aims to analyze how Ash‘ari poetry reflects a broader intellectual, religious, and cultural transformation from the pre-Islamic tribal worldview to the Islamic ideological and ethical framework. Before Islam, Arabic poetry was primarily rooted in tribal pride, warfare, and individual glory. However, with the advent of Islam, the Ash‘ari poets many of whom were among the early companions and supporters of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ underwent a profound shift in perspective. Their poetic expression gradually moved away from tribal nationalism toward a universal Islamic vision based on faith, unity, and moral accountability. The study finds that the theme of heroism (ḥamāsah) in Ash‘ari poetry was redefined in Islamic terms. It was no longer associated with tribal warfare or personal revenge, but rather with jihad in the path of God, emphasizing patience, sacrifice, and spiritual commitment. Similarly, the genre of praise (madḥ) shifted from glorifying tribal leaders to honoring the Prophet ﷺ, the rightly guided caliphs, and universal moral virtues such as justice, truthfulness, and piety. Moreover, the reformist dimension (iṣlāḥ) highlights the social and ethical function of Ash‘ari poetry, where poetry served as a means of moral guidance, social correction, and communal unity. It contributed to discouraging corruption, strengthening ethical conduct, and promoting Islamic values within society.The study concludes that Ash‘ari poetry represents a significant example of literary transformation in early Islamic civilization. It demonstrates how Arabic poetry evolved from a tribal artistic expression into a value-oriented discourse that combined aesthetic form with religious and moral purpose.
Ash‘ari Tribe; Early Islamic Poetry; Hamasah; Madḥ; Iṣlāḥ; Arabic Literature; Tribal to Islamic Transition; Prophetic Era Poetry; Social Reform in Literature; Islamic Values in Poetry.
Copyright (c) 2026 Islamic Research Journal { المرصوص }
Faith-Based Responses to Youth Radicalization: Religious Education, Digital Media, and Community Prevention
Youth radicalization is one of the most difficult moral, educational, religious, and public security challenges facing contemporary societies. It cannot be reduced to one cause, one ideology, one community, or one digital platform. Young people may become vulnerable to extremist narratives through identity crisis, moral confusion, discrimination, family breakdown, political grievance, social isolation, online propaganda, peer networks, trauma, and the search for belonging. This article argues that faith communities can play a constructive and nationally significant role in preventing youth radicalization when their work is rooted in sound religious education, digital literacy, pastoral care, family support, interfaith cooperation, and community-based prevention. Drawing on the Qur’an, Hadith, Prophetic Seerah, comparative religious ethics, theories of religious boundaries, public responsibility, social identity, moral formation, digital media studies, and contemporary prevention literature, the article develops a Faith-Based Community Prevention Model. The model combines theological clarity, moral education, digital resilience, trusted mentoring, early support, and public partnership. It rejects both securitized suspicion of religion and naive romanticization of religious communities. Instead, it shows that mosques, churches, synagogues, schools, families, universities, and civic institutions can work together to protect youth from violent extremism while preserving human dignity, religious freedom, and social trust. In keeping with the scholarly pattern of recent work on interreligious boundaries, faithful public ethics, and responsible artificial intelligence, this study connects classical religious resources with contemporary concerns such as online recruitment, hate speech, Islamophobia, antisemitism, religious illiteracy, youth vulnerability, and civic peace. The article concludes that the most effective faith-based response to youth radicalization is neither surveillance alone nor preaching alone. It is a holistic moral ecology in which youth are educated, heard, spiritually guided, digitally equipped, socially included, and connected to peaceful forms of religious identity and public service.
Youth Radicalization; Violent Extremism; Religious Education; Digital Media; Community Prevention; Islamic Ethics; Interfaith Dialogue; Public Responsibility; Youth Resilience; Faith Communities
Interfaith Dialogue in an Age of Religious Polarization: A Peacebuilding Model for Global Religious Communities
Religious polarization has become one of the most urgent moral and public challenges of the twenty-first century. It appears in sectarian violence, religious nationalism, Islamophobia, antisemitism, online hate, migrant suspicion, minority insecurity, and the erosion of trust among faith communities. This article develops a peacebuilding model for global religious communities by arguing that interfaith dialogue should move beyond occasional meetings, symbolic tolerance, and ceremonial harmony toward a disciplined framework of theological honesty, ethical recognition, public responsibility, and shared civic action. The study combines scriptural reasoning, comparative theology, social ethics, conflict transformation, and contemporary interfaith scholarship. It draws on Islamic, Jewish, Christian, and broader religious resources while giving special attention to the Abrahamic traditions, because their shared moral grammar of divine accountability, human dignity, covenant, mercy, justice, and neighborly responsibility offers a strong foundation for peacebuilding. The article follows the academic pattern of a recently published comparative religious article by integrating a theoretical framework, literature review, applied model, recommendations, and full references. It engages works by Ataur Rehman, Hafiz Faiz Rasool, Abbas Ali Raza, Salman Arif, and other scholars who have written on interfaith harmony, social unity, Islamophobia, charity across faiths, religious obligations, minority rights, compassion, tolerance, artificial intelligence, and public ethics. The central contribution of the article is the Interfaith Peacebuilding and Social Cohesion Model, which consists of six layers: theological integrity, moral recognition, healing memory, institutional cooperation, public-good action, and digital responsibility. The article concludes that interfaith dialogue becomes a genuine peacebuilding force only when religious communities preserve their own convictions while transforming difference into responsibility, disagreement into ethical discipline, and shared vulnerability into cooperative service for the common good.
Interfaith Dialogue; Religious Polarization; Peacebuilding; Social Cohesion; World Religions; Abrahamic Faiths; Islamophobia; Antisemitism; Public Ethics; Religious Communities
Zen Buddhism and Hare Krishna Movement in America: A Comparative Analysis of both Traditions in Innovation and Change
This paper explores the intersection of community, ritual, and ethics within the Hare Krishna movement (ISKCON) and Zen Buddhism, two Eastern traditions that gained prominence in the West through key scholars—Swami Prabhupada for ISKCON and D. T. Suzuki Zen. Both scholars adapted their teachings to resonate with Western audiences, shaping their movements in distinct ways. Using Frank Whaling’s theoretical framework, which includes community, rituals, ethics, social and political contexts, doctrines, scriptures, aesthetics, and spirituality, this study provides a comparative analysis of how these traditions propagate their beliefs. ISKCON, founded by Prabhupada in 1966, emphasizes community as vital to spiritual growth, with initiatives like the Food for Life program fostering unity and service. In contrast, Zen, as promoted by Suzuki, prioritizes individual spiritual exploration, especially through seated meditation (zazen), while minimizing communal rituals. Rituals in ISKCON strengthen devotion and community ties, while Zen’s focus remains on philosophical inquiry. Ethically, ISKCON draws on the Bhagavad Gita, advocating devotion and compassion, whereas Zen follows the Five Precepts and the Noble Eightfold Path, emphasizing personal responsibility. Politically, ISKCON discourages political involvement, instead emphasizing spiritual service, while Zen, although historically neutral, has occasionally engaged with societal needs, particularly in Japan. Suzuki helped reconcile traditional Zen teachings with modern ideals, fostering a harmonious relationship between religion and state. This paper underscores the dynamic roles of community, ritual, and ethics in shaping ISKCON and Zen Buddhism, highlighting their distinct practices and shared spiritual goals.
Zen Buddhism, Hare Krishna, ISKCON, Tradition, Frank Whaling
معاشی استحکام کے رہنما اصول سیرت رسول ﷺکی روشنی میں
In this research paper has been made to show the fact that there are such guiding the principles in the Seerat-e-Tayyabah of the Holy Prophet (SWS) by which you have strengthened the state of Madinah.And solved the coming economic problem, and the companions of Holy Prophets followed the same principles and solved the social problems of the state of Madinah, thus gradually the Islamic economy and welfare state made progress. Everyone was prospering, these were the guiding principles. Which are later part of the book on his Seerat-e-Tayyaba. And the same rules and regulations can be seen in the hadiths of the Holy prophet (SWS). The principles you have described are the economic principles of Islam. After conquering every country, Sahaba ikram had applied these principles, so the era of prosperity had also shifted to this region. Because these principles were adorned with the light of revelation them. He has described them in the hadiths of Prophethood, and his every word is a perfect guide for humanity. The only thing that can be considered as a stepping stone to prosperity and success can be said to be the one who is on the people of the society in which their own desire interferes.
Islam, Prophet Rules and Regulations, Seerat-e-Tayyabah
مصنوعی ذہانت کے تحدیات: بیروزگاری کے امکانات اور نبوی ﷺ تعلیمات کا اطلاقی مطالعہ
This study explores the multifaceted challenges posed by artificial intelligence (AI) concerning employment, analyzing the potential displacement of traditional jobs and the emergence of new economic opportunities. It further examines the application of Prophetic (PBUH) teachings in addressing these challenges, emphasizing the significance of labor, economic justice, skill development, and social welfare in an AI-driven era. By integrating Islamic economic principles with contemporary technological advancements, the research provides ethical and practical solutions for maintaining economic stability and social harmony. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on AI ethics, workforce adaptation, and sustainable economic development within an Islamic framework.
Artificial Intelligence, Unemployment, Prophetic Teachings, Islamic Economic Principles, Ethical AI, Workforce Transformation, Socioeconomic Impact
تصویرسازی،کمیشن اورجانوروں کی مصنوعی طریقہ پر افزائش نسل کےشرعی ومالی احکام ( نعمۃ الباری اورمعاصرشروحات بخاری کا تحقیقی مطالعہ)
Islamic Shariah rulings on photography, commission, and artificial breeding of animals are shaped by principles of permissibility and ethical considerations. Regarding photography, scholars have differing opinions, with some deeming it permissible as long as it does not promote immorality or idolatry, while others, particularly in the context of creating realistic images of living beings, argue it is impermissible based on Hadiths that prohibit the making of images or statues resembling Allah's creation. In terms of commission (or riba/interest), Shariah strictly prohibits financial transactions involving interest, as it is considered exploitative and unjust. Islamic finance promotes profit-sharing models and trade based on real assets, ensuring fairness and equity in business dealings. As for artificial breeding of animals, it is generally allowed in Islam as long as the welfare of the animals is maintained and the process does not lead to cruelty or harm. However, any practice that interferes with the natural breeding process in ways that harm the animals or violate ethical standards may be scrutinized based on Islamic principles of kindness to animals and the preservation of natural law. Allama Ghulam Rasool Saeedi a great scholar has presented practical research on these challenges and issues in the contemporary context. In this paper we should find a solution to these problems by researching and comparing the definitions and interpretations of contemporary scholars.
Photography, Commission Agents, Artificial Breeding of Animals, Research Study, Na'mat al-Bari
اسلامی بینکاری میں شراکت و مضاربت پر اشکالات اور ان کےممکنہ حل :ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
This article provides an analytical review of the problems related to the implementation of Musharakah (partnership) and Mudaraba (profit sharing) agreements in contemporary Islamic banking and their possible solutions. Although these profit and loss sharing (PLS) instruments are central to the Islamic banking system, their practical application faces several obstacles. The research identifies key issues, include profit rates, differences between Islamic and conventional banking, transactions of Islamic banks with conventional banks, profit sharing mechanism, etc. To address these challenges, the study explores possible solutions. The analysis concludes by emphasizing the need for a multi-faceted approach. In which a renewed focus is placed on regulatory reform, industrial cooperation, and the fundamental principles of Islamic finance to unlock the full potential of Musharakah and Mudaraba to promote equitable and sustainable economic growth. This paper calls for further research and further reforms in Islamic banking.
Musharka, Mudharba, Profit Sharing, Profit Rates, Conventional & Islamic Banking, Fundamental principles of Islamic finance
Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʿah in Classical Fiqh Literature: A Historical Approach
Islam, for the welfare of the human beings has put countless guidelines. It has been observed that these certain aims, rules and objectives are for the assistance of people and hasn’t leftward any provisions unjustified and worthless. Thus Allah’s mandates and proscriptions include some interests and benefit for whole humanity. The major objective of Islamic fiqh (jurisprudence) is to provide rules whose target is to declare that all human beings are equal. Allah Almighty declared Islamic sharīʿah as a basis for the betterment of the individual and whole society, to provide the rules and regulations which are planned to deliver the settlements for development and achieving perfection in the human’s life in this world. Rahmah (mercy) and huda (guidance) are the two major objectives of Islamic Shari’ah. In the Holy Quran, Allah Almighty has mentioned the purpose of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in the following words, “And we have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a mercy to the worlds.” If people on the earth without any discrimination of race, color, age and nationality prevail the falah as the real objective then there will be no difference among societies and Sharia’s main purpose of development of humanity will be achieved. Every human being wants life to be contented and to lead a peaceful life and this can be achieved only when there is an element of unity and co-operation in the society and everyone is aware of others rights.
Maqāṣid Al-Sharīʿah, Ḍharūriyāt al-Khamsah, Human Welfare, Dharuriyyat, Hajiyyat and Tahsiniyyat.
Minority Rights: Examining The Constitutional Safeguards And Their Practical Implications And The Way Pakistan’s Constitution Has Historically Evolved To Protect The Minority Rights
The protection of minority rights has been a pressing issue in Pakistan, deeply intertwined with its historical and legal development. When Pakistan emerged as an independent nation in 1947, its founding vision promised equal rights and opportunities for all citizens, regardless of their religious beliefs. However, as the country transitioned into an Islamic Republic, the status and freedoms of religious and ethnic minorities underwent significant changes, shaping their place in society over the decades. This paper delves into the progression of minority rights in Pakistan, analyzing constitutional provisions, legal structures, and policy measures designed to safeguard non-Muslim communities. It sheds light on the challenges these groups continue to face, such as religious discrimination, political and social marginalization, forced conversions, and restrictions on religious expression and practices. Additionally, the study examines the role of the judiciary, governmental policies, and Pakistan’s commitments to international human rights conventions in influencing the legal and social landscape for minorities. By exploring key case studies and legislative developments, this research highlights the disparity between constitutional promises and their practical enforcement. The findings stress the urgent need for stronger legal protections, policy reforms, and greater societal inclusion to ensure that Pakistan remains committed to upholding the fundamental rights of all its citizens in accordance with global human rights standards.
Minority Rights, Pakistan, Religious Minorities, Ethnic Minorities, Islamic Republic, Constitutional Provisions, Legal Structures, Policy Measures
"لیو ان ریلیشن شپ" کا تعارف ، اقسام، نتائج اور اس کا شرعی سد باب :تحقیقی جائزہ
In this article, we will read about all the relationships that lead to in-relationships and the positive or negative effects this relationship can have on life and society. These are all relationships that are related to romantic relationships and for various reasons, one person starts having feelings for another person. “Leave-alone relationship” does not necessarily mean that there is physical proximity or that the minds or bodies are always close to each other emotionally, but there are many types of it, in which people try to get other benefits from each other apart from physical relationships. In the following article, we will try to study these relationships that are prevalent all over the world in terms of the initial reasons for “in-relationship” or its types. The purpose of mentioning all these types is so that we can know which symptoms or which relationships are those that we keep adopting without thinking and they keep pulling us towards the social evil of “in-relationship” and we unconsciously enter into the physical and spiritual disease of “in-relationship”. Therefore, by explaining these types, we can save ourselves, our society and the coming generation from the trap of these reasons.
Distant Relationships, Useful Friendships, Physical Relationships, Hate and Resentment, New Beginnings, Social Acquaintances.
Geopolitical Power Struggle and Security Dilemma in Strait of Hormuz: Implications on Saudi-Iran Rivalry and Regional Order
This artefact explores the geopolitical power struggle and security dilemma in the Strait of Hormuz, emphasizing its impact on the Saudi-Iran rivalry and regional order. The Strait, through which approximately 21 million barrels of oil pass daily, is crucial for global energy supplies, making it a focal point for strategic interests. The historical, religious, and geopolitical rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia is examined, with key events such as the Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War shaping their competition. Both nations have heavily invested in military capabilities, contributing to an arms race and frequent security dilemmas. Incidents like the 2019 tanker attacks highlight the fragile security environment. The involvement of external powers like the United States, Russia, and China adds complexity to the regional dynamics. Utilizing the offshoots of neo-realism, Offensive and Defensive Realism, this study provides a nuanced understanding of the strategic behaviors of Iran and Saudi Arabia. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive policy measures, including dialogue mechanisms, confidence-building measures, multilateral security frameworks, and economic cooperation, to reduce tensions and promote stability in the Strait of Hormuz. Addressing these issues through multilateral cooperation is essential for ensuring long-term peace and stability in this critical region.
Security Dilemma, Strait of Hormuz, Offensive & Defensive Realism, Saudi-Iran Rivalry, Regional Order.
نصابِ علومِ اسلامیہ میں جدت کے ضمن میں منتخب مسلم مفکرین کے افکارکا تقابلی جائزہ
This study explores the innovative perspectives of three prominent Muslim thinkers; Imam Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and Dr. Mahmood Ahmad Ghazi, regarding the reformation and modernization of the curriculum of Islamic studies. The research aims to critically evaluate and compare their thoughts, contextualizing them within their respective historical, social and intellectual milieus, and assessing their relevance to contemporary curriculum development in Islamic education. Imam al-Ghazali, writing during the Islamic Golden Age, emphasized the integration of rational and revealed knowledge. He advocated a balanced curriculum where spiritual purification, ethical refinement and intellectual rigor coalesce to produce holistic human development. His works promoted the inclusion of philosophy, logic and kalām alongside traditional religious sciences. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, in colonial British India, argued for a rationalist and scientific approach to education among Muslims. He proposed a curriculum that harmonized Western sciences with Islamic values, emphasizing the reinterpretation of Islamic teachings in light of reason and modern knowledge. Through the establishment of the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College (later Aligarh Muslim University), he practically implemented his vision. Dr. Mahmood Ahmad Ghazi, a modern Pakistani scholar, contributed significantly to the discourse on Islamic education by proposing a comprehensive and interdisciplinary curriculum. He emphasized the inclusion of contemporary disciplines like comparative religion, international law and interfaith dialogue, ensuring Islamic studies remained intellectually dynamic and socially relevant. The study concludes that these three scholars, though from different periods, share a common vision of intellectual dynamism, curriculum reform and the synthesis of tradition with modernity. Their insights provide essential guidance for developing a balanced, contemporary Islamic curriculum that addresses the needs of the modern Muslim world without compromising core Islamic values.
Islamic Studies curriculum, Muslim thinkers, innovative perspectives, reformation, modernization.
عصر حاضر میں اسلام کےبنیادی معاشرتی اصول و قوانین کے اطلاق کی عملی صورتیں وامکانات
Islam has a balanced social system for mankind. This system is based on the special moral and social education and training that has been revealed in the form of the Qur'an and Sunnah. A large part of the laws and directives of the Shari'ah are related to the social life of human beings. Rasool PBUH implemented the basic principles of Islamic laws in the state of Madinah, and the establishment and stability of this state in a very limited time period proved that these are the key principles that will be mandatory and inevitable for any society. The purpose of implementation of social rules of Islam is to reform the society and to make people a member of society while protecting from all evils, seductions and oppression that uphold good, reform, good and moral values. For the sake of justice, kindness, and mercy, and for the elimination of oppression, tyranny and denial, the Prophet PBUH emphasized the individual guidance and training of people which result in the reformation of the society. The implementation of Islamic social reforms in contemporary world, make it possible to establish truly Islamic society, where Islamic Principles and laws develop peace and harmony.
Islamic Society, Education, Justice, Mercy, Guidance, Implementation.
اسبابِ نزول کے تفسیری اختلافات اور ان کا حل: ایک علمی و تحقیقی جائزہ
The study of Asbāb al-Nuzūl (occasions of revelation) is essential for understanding the contextual meanings of Quranic verses. However, interpretative differences among scholars have led to varying perspectives in Tafsir, sometimes resulting in contradictions and inconsistencies. These differences arise due to variations in transmitted reports, methodological approaches, linguistic interpretations, and sectarian viewpoints. This research critically examines the causes of these exegetical disagreements and explores viable solutions to address them. It highlights the significance of verifying the authenticity of narrations, adopting a balanced methodology that integrates classical and modern hermeneutical approaches, and ensuring contextual coherence in interpretation. Moreover, interdisciplinary research, including historical analysis, linguistic studies, and comparative exegesis, is emphasized as a means to refine our understanding of Asbāb al-Nuzūl. The study concludes that resolving interpretative disputes requires a rigorous scholarly framework that bridges classical exegetical methodologies with contemporary research tools. By fostering a more precise and systematic approach, scholars can enhance the consistency and authenticity of Quranic interpretations, ultimately leading to a deeper and more coherent understanding of divine revelation.
Asbāb al-Nuzūl, Tafsir, Interpretative Differences, Quranic Exegesis.
An Analytical Study of the Effects of Political Instability on Pakistan and its Solution in the Light of Islamic Teachings
Along with the national, social and economic effects of political instability, the individual and collective psychology of man is also severely affected. Conflict, resistance and negative trends against each other, the tradition of creating false narratives using social media and building ideas based on them, along with the nation's education and training and morals and values, the country's political situation would also suffer a severe decline and the state, the country and the nation suffer from a shaky, scattered and uncertain situation, which blocks the opportunities for the country's development. At this time, Pakistan seems to be affected by these effects of political instability. Therefore, these problems created in the name of Islam must be researched from the Islamic perspective. Many studies have been published on the identification of these problems of political instability, their effects and solutions, but in these studies, Islamic teachings, especially the texts of the Qur'an and Hadith, have only been looked at. Although Islam has gone through a complete practical experience in human society. The Muslims were faced with these problems, to deal with them, they kept Islamic teachings in mind and offered solutions to these problems. Now the main question is whether there is any solution in the Qur'an, Sunnah and Seerah to solve the problem of political instability. What, if any, texts can be offered to directly or indirectly address the effects of these issues? And what kind of study will help to solve these problems? Predictably, it can be said that the basic texts of Islam offer solutions to these problems and those texts that promote human respect, peace, peace, security, collective justice, justice, tolerance, benevolence and the fight against the saboteurs and their atrocities. Studying the texts containing such content will help in solving these problems. And if these texts are studied analytically, possible solutions to these problems can be presented. An analytical study of the texts will provide solutions to the problems caused by political instability in Pakistan.
Pakistan, political instability, effects, solutions from the Qur'an and Sunnah.
پاکستانی عدلیہ کے 1962ء تا 1973ء کے آئینی اختیارات : تحقیقی جائزہ
The tumultuous decade spanning 1962 to 1973 was a transformative period for Pakistan's judicial landscape. This exploratory review delves into the constitutional powers of the Pakistani judiciary during this era, navigating the complex interplay between political expediency and judicial autonomy. Through a critical examination of archival records, legislative documents, and judicial pronouncements, this study reconstructs the evolution of Pakistan's judicial framework. The analysis reveals a nuanced narrative of judicial resilience and adaptability, as the judiciary navigated the treacherous waters of military rule, constitutional experimentation, and political upheaval. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of Pakistan's constitutional history, highlighting the judiciary's agency in shaping the country's legal and political trajectory. By excavating the forgotten narratives of Pakistan's judicial past, this study offers a timely reminder of the judiciary's pivotal role in safeguarding constitutionalism and promoting democratic governance.
Pakistani Judiciary, Constitutional Powers, Judicial Autonomy, Political Expediency, Constitutional History.
علم تفسیر میں قراءت قرآنیہ سے استفادہ کے اصول
The science of Tafseer focuses on the explanation and interpretation of the Holy Quran. From the early Islamic centuries to the present era, scholars have authored thousands of Quranic commentaries. In this scholarly endeavor, the knowledge of Qira’at Qur’aniyyah (Quranic readings) holds significant importance, much like other auxiliary sciences. The science of Qira’at extensively discusses the various modes of Quranic recitation, which serve as a fundamental source for all Islamic sciences. Whether they are Mutawatir or Shaadh readings, Qira’at play a crucial role in disciplines such as grammar (Nahw), morphology (Sarf), rhetoric (Balaghah), and lexicography (Lughat). In reality, Qira’at represent a vast ocean from which streams of Islamic and Arabic sciences emerge. These readings are akin to an eternal tree, from which the branches of Islamic knowledge continue to grow. Thus, it can rightly be said that Quranic readings have played a pivotal role in the evolution and development of all Islamic sciences. Particularly in the domain of Tafseer, Qira’at hold foundational importance, as they help in comprehending the meanings and implications of Quranic verses. Different readings often provide varying shades of meaning, allowing scholars to prefer one interpretation over another based on linguistic, contextual, or juristic considerations. Consequently, Quranic readings not only enrich the interpretive process but also highlight the scholarly diversity in understanding divine revelation, as reflected in the differing approaches of classical Mufassirun (exegetes) and Fuqaha (jurists).
Qira’at, Qur’an, Tafseer, jurists, Qira’at Qur’aniyyah.
Pakistan, political instability, effects, solutions from the Qur'an and Sunnah,
Food Waste at Feasts: An Islamic Perspective on Sustainable Practices for Mitigation
Food waste is a significant global issue resulting having economic, social and environmental consequences. Food waste at feasts and communal gatherings are major contributor to global food waste. In Muslim-majority countries, where hospitality and generosity are deeply ingrained cultural values, food waste at weddings is particularly prevalent. Islam not only allows but also encourages festivities and considers feasting an integral part of social and religious life. The Prophet’s Sunnah strongly recommends walimah—a celebratory feast, especially for marriages—to the extent that he declared the smoke rising from the fire of a wedding feast as a sign of a valid publicly announced marriage. However, while Islam promotes feasting, it simultaneously calls for moderation, as reflected in both the Prophet’s teachings and his own practices. Unfortunately, modern weddings—particularly in terms of their significant food waste—often stand in stark contrast to these teachings.Food waste at feasts stems from multiple behavioral, cultural and social drivers that induce overproduction, excessive portioning and untimeliness of feasts leading to food waste. This article explores the comprehensive multi-faceted Islamic approach to mitigating food waste at feasts, drawing upon Quranic injunctions, Prophetic traditions, and historical practices. It highlights the sacredness of food and the principle of moderation as foundational elements of sustainable food management at feasts.Furthermore, this study examines key strategies rooted in Islamic teachings, including proper planning, timely attendance at feasts, and the shared responsibility of both hosts and guests in minimizing waste. While numerous studies have examined the statistical dimensions of food waste and proposed data-driven solutions, there remains a notable gap in addressing the issue from an Islamic perspective. Islamic teachings offer comprehensive solutions that not only provide practical guidance but also resonate with the religious values of Muslim communities, fostering a deeper commitment to sustainable practices. This study aims to bridge this gap by integrating Islamic principles with contemporary food waste mitigation strategies, offering a framework that align with Islamic values and modern sustainability efforts
Food Waste, Feasts, Islam, Sustainability
Integrating Islamic Ethics with Artificial Intelligence: A Study of Seerah in the Context of Pakistan
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in business has raised significant ethical concerns, particularly around issues of fairness, transparency, and accountability. As AI systems increasingly influence decision-making processes in industries such as finance, healthcare, and human resources, the need for robust ethical frameworks becomes paramount. This paper explores how Islamic ethical principles, rooted in the teachings of the Quran and Hadith, can offer valuable guidance for navigating the ethical challenges posed by AI technologies in business. Drawing from the timeless wisdom of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), this study integrates Islamic ethics with AI practices, focusing on business integrity, social justice, and the promotion of fairness and transparency. By emphasizing principles such as honesty, fairness in transactions, and the prohibition of deception, Islamic teachings offer a framework that aligns closely with the responsible use of AI, particularly in preventing bias, ensuring accountability, and safeguarding human dignity. This paper also examines the role of social responsibility in AI, advocating for its ethical deployment to promote societal welfare and reduce inequality. In addressing how these principles can be applied in contemporary business environments, this research highlights the relevance of Islamic ethics in enhancing the trustworthiness and societal benefit of AI systems, ensuring that they contribute positively to humanity while upholding the highest standards of business integrity.
Islamic Ethics, Artificial Intelligence, Business Integrity, Transparency, Social Justice, Fairness in AI, Accountability in Business
شاعر بلا مشاعر: دراسة تحليلية في الشعر العربي الآلي بين لغة الرسول ولغة الإعلام الاجتماعي
This research explores Natural Language Processing (NLP) as a pivotal domain within Artificial Intelligence (AI), with a particular focus on the application of Deep Learning techniques in Arabic text generation. The study investigates the evolution of Arabic language expression, from the eloquence of Prophetic traditions to the rapid, informal nature of social media discourse. As a case study, we attempt to generate text that emulates the poetic style of Nizar Qabbani, examining linguistic transitions between classical Arabic and contemporary digital expressions.We provide a historical overview of NLP, outlining its origins and major developmental milestones. Key applications such as machine translation, sentiment analysis, opinion mining, and automated question-answering systems are explored alongside core NLP subfields, including text classification, tokenization, syntactic parsing, semantic understanding, and text generation. Special emphasis is placed on the linguistic distinctions between Quranic Arabic, Hadith literature, and modern digital communication. A significant portion of this study is dedicated to the integration of Deep Learning into NLP, particularly the use of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) in generating Arabic poetry. The research evaluates the interplay between linguistic purity and computational text generation, comparing rhetorical elements of Prophetic speech with the concise and informal nature of social media language. Furthermore, open-source tools and methodologies for Arabic language processing are discussed, providing a comparative analysis of classical and digital text processing techniques. By referencing key resources, this study offers valuable insights for researchers interested in Arabic NLP and its broader implications.
Natural Language Processing, Deep Learning, Arabic Text Generation, Recurrent Neural Networks, Classical Arabic, Social Media Language
منهجية النبيﷺفي اتخاذ القرارات بين النظرة الاستشرافية والخطة المرحلية
The methodology of the Prophet Muhammadﷺin decision-making reflects a balance between visionary foresight and phased planning. His approach combined a clear understanding of long-term objectives with a meticulous consideration of immediate steps and their consequences. This balance ensured that decisions were neither arbitrary nor impulsive but were deeply rooted in strategic thinking, consultation, and a thorough analysis of circumstances. The Prophetﷺprioritized consultation (shura) with companions to explore different possibilities and sought divine guidance to ensure that decisions aligned with the ultimate goals of justice, mercy, and the welfare of the community. His method provides a timeless model for decision-making that integrates spiritual insight with practical strategies, addressing both the complexities of immediate challenges and the aspirations for a better future.
Decision making, Prophetic, methodology Visionary, foresight, Phased planning, Shura Strategic thinking, Practical strategies.
قدرتی وسائل کے استعمال و تحفظ میں سیرتِ نبویﷺ اور مصنوعی ذہانت کا کردار: ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
The reckless exploitation of natural resources by humankind has placed the survival of all living beings on Earth at risk. This excessive interference with nature disrupts the delicate balance established by Allah Almighty, leading to severe environmental consequences such as climate change, depletion of resources, and ecological imbalance. Islam, as a comprehensive way of life, provides holistic guidance on the sustainable use and conservation of natural resources. The Seerah of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) offers profound insights into environmental ethics, advocating for responsible consumption, conservation, and respect for nature. In the modern era, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool that can aid in sustainable resource management. AI technologies offer innovative solutions for monitoring environmental changes, optimizing resource utilization, and predicting ecological trends. This research aims to explore the role of the Seerah of the Prophet (PBUH) and AI in addressing contemporary environmental challenges. By analyzing Islamic principles on conservation and integrating AI-driven strategies, this study presents a framework for the responsible and ethical utilization of natural resources. The findings emphasize the significance of combining traditional Islamic wisdom with modern technological advancements to achieve sustainability and environmental stewardship.
Natural Resources, Equitable Use, Carelessness, Survival, Danger, Solution, Islamic Development, Islamic Teaching
مصنوعی ذہانت اور سیرتِ نبوی ﷺ کی روشنی میں شکرگزاری اور مثبت سوچ کی ترقی و نشوونما: ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ
Gratitude and positive thinking are transformative virtues that transcend time, shaping spiritual depth, human resilience, and social harmony. In the life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), these principles were not abstract ideals but practical tools for navigating life's complexities. This study explores how the Prophet exemplified gratitude (Shukr) as a profound connection to the Divine, manifested through acts of worship, acknowledgment of blessings, and unwavering trust in Allah’s mercy. Similarly, his embodiment of positive thinking (Husn al-Dhann) redefined hope, inspiring courage, resilience, and unshakable faith during moments of adversity. From calming his companion in the cave during perilous times to reminding humanity of Allah’s boundless compassion, the Prophet's life illustrates how gratitude and optimism serve as catalysts for inner peace, spiritual elevation, and societal cohesion. This analysis highlights their enduring relevance in overcoming adversity, unlocking human potential, and fostering harmony in a fragmented world.
Gratitude, Positive thinking, Prophet Muhammad, Resilience, Spirituality.
سیرتِ طیبہ اور مصنوعی ذہانت کی روشنی میں اقتصادی انصاف اور دولت کی منصفانہ تقسیم: ایک تحقیقی جائزہ
From an Islamic perspective, the concept of economic justice presents an economic system based on the fair distribution of wealth. The Quran and Sunnah describe economic justice as a fundamental moral and social value essential for both individual and collective prosperity.In the Islamic financial system, commandments such as Zakat and Sadaqah play a crucial role in wealth distribution. The purpose of Zakat is to provide financial assistance to the needy and ensure the circulation of wealth. Similarly, the prohibition of interest (Riba) establishes a system free from exploitation, promoting fair financial transactions among all parties.Islamic teachings also ensure equal economic opportunities and fair access to resources. This fosters social justice and equality, helping to eliminate poverty and socio-economic injustices. Islamic economic principles offer a balanced system that safeguards individual rights while ensuring collective welfare. Under this system, economic activities are not only structured for personal gain but also for societal well-being, ultimately leading to the formation of a just and equitable society.
Economic Justice, Economic Balance, Wealth Distribution, Social Justice
کارپوریٹ سیکٹر میں سماجی اور اخلاقی ذمہ داری کا اطلاق ۔سیرت النبی ﷺ کی روشنی میں ایک تحقیقی جائزہ
Approximately fourteen and a half centuries ago, when the world was engulfed in the darkness of disbelief, ignorance, and moral decay, a beacon of guidance arose from the rugged mountains of Makkah. In just a brief span of twenty-three years, this light illuminated every corner of the world—east, west, north, and south—elevating humanity to a pinnacle of progress unparalleled in the annals of history. For centuries, they ruled the world with grandeur and dignity, defeating every opposing force. A review of Muslim history reveals that they once possessed honor, glory, dominance, and unparalleled social and economic systems. However across the globe, Muslims appear inferior to other nations. They lack power, governance, grandeur, unity, and collective strength. Economically, their condition is dire, and the Muslim society today is plagued by every vice while distancing itself from every virtue. Younger generation, enamored with modern civilization, often unfairly criticizes Islam's sacred principles and its illustrious history, dismissing them as outdated. This paper will first define the concepts of society and its moral framework. It will then present the Islamic perspective on moral responsibility, followed by an analysis of the classification of social ethics and their significance in corporate systems in light of the Sīrah (Seerah) of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ.
Seerah, Muḥammad ﷺ, Ummah, Ukhūwah, Islamic Ethics, Moral Decline, Muslim History, Social Responsibility, Corporate Systems, Cultural Disarray.
مصنوعی ذہانت کے ذریعے ترجمے کی درستگی اور زبانوں کی تعلیم کے فروغ میں جدید ٹیکنالوجی کا کردار
Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in the fields of translation and language education, bridging linguistic gaps and facilitating global communication. AI-driven technologies, particularly Neural Machine Translation (NMT), have significantly improved translation accuracy by analyzing context, syntax, and semantic relationships within text.In the domain of language education, AI offers personalized and adaptive learning experiences through virtual tutors, chatbots, and intelligent language learning platforms. Moreover, AI-powered translation and education tools promote inclusivity by making linguistic resources accessible to diverse audiences. They enable cross-cultural collaboration in fields such as business, diplomacy, and academia, thus fostering global interconnectedness.This research explores the evolving role of AI in enhancing translation accuracy and language education, emphasizing its transformative potential and the need for thoughtful integration.
Definition, Need of translation, types of translation, Principles of Translation, Role of AI with reference to the translation.
مصنوعی ذہانت کی عصرِ جدید میں افادیت اور سیرتِ نبوی ﷺ کی روشنی میں اخلاقی قیادت کے اصول
Islam presents a complete code of life that encompasses all aspects of human existence, particularly providing comprehensive guidance on moral values and leadership principles.In Islam, while acts of worship, transactions, good social conduct, and kindness hold fundamental importance, the ethical values granted by Islam are equally significant. It would not be an exaggeration to say that Islam and high moral values are inseparable. Allah Almighty states in Surah Al-Qalam:"And indeed, you (O Prophet) are of a great moral character."The Prophet (PBUH) himself said:"I have been sent to perfect noble character."His message, his Shariah, and his religion are all bearers of good ethics and high moral values. The Quran and Sunnah not only command believers to refrain from major sins but also emphasize adherence to excellent moral conduct.High moral values are essential for everyone, but for a leader, possessing strong leadership qualities along with superior ethics is of utmost importance. Just as the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was a great leader, he was also adorned with exemplary morals. The fundamental purpose of leadership is to provide proper guidance to people and address their concerns.This paper will discuss these principles in detail, focusing on the high moral values and leadership principles found in the Quran and Sunnah. Adopting an analytical approach, the paper will conclude with key findings and recommendations.
Moral Values, Quran and Sunnah, Leadership, Insepareable, Islamic Scholars.